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daily living. The result is a score out of
100 points, again with higher scores indicating
better results.
The
Oxford score
, created by Dawson in 1998,
is also widely used [9, 10]. It is a self-
administered questionnaire consisting of
12 items assessing pain, walking distance, and
function in activities of daily living. Twelve
points is the best result and 60 points the
worst.
The
Tegner Lysholm
score, published in 1985,
was initially created to assess ligament
pathology [11]. It is also used in the
osteoarthritic knee. Out of 100 points, it
includes eight items: pain, limping, use of a
crutch, stability, locking, swelling, stair
climbing and squats. A higher score indicates a
better result.
The
Lower Extremity Functional Scale
(LEFS) is a questionnaire assessing function in
daily living only and is not specific to the knee.
Published in 1999 by Binkley, it contains
20 questions about standard activities [12].
These questionnaires are used to obtain an
assessment of knee function in activities of
daily living. That is usually sufficient for
elderly, less active patients. In younger patients,
however, an evaluation of knee function in
sports and recreative activities, as well as an
assessment of the influence on quality of life,
are required.
Sports and quality of
life
The
KOOS
(Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis
Outcome Score), created by Roos in 1995, is an
extension of the WOMAC intended to include
an evaluation of function during leisure
activities and of the repercussion of the
pathology on quality of life [13, 14]. It is not a
specific score for osteoarthritic but it is specific
to the knee. In addition to symptoms, pain,
stiffness and activities of daily living, the
KOOS includes five items assessing function
in sports and leisure activities (squatting,
running, jumping, pivoting and kneeling)
(fig. 1) and four items assessing the impact of
the disease on quality of life. The calculation of
this score requires standardization.
The
University of California, Los Angeles
(UCLA) score can be used to complement a
classic score to evaluate sporting function [15].
Fig. 1 : KOOS : sports assessment