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Clinical examination for
patella instability
C. Fink, P.J. Erasmus
(Video Presentation)
Patient Standing
Alignment
• Neutral
• Varus
• Valgus
Patient Walking
Gait
• Kneecap position (squinting patella, etc)
• Tubercle position
• Foot progression angle
- Out toeing (>15°)
- Neutral
- In toeing
Patella height
- Normal
- High
- Low
Patella movement